What is the Origin of Recurrent Implantation Failure?

The term emerged from the clinical practice of assisted reproductive technology (ART) as the success rates of IVF improved, making repeated, unexplained failures a distinct clinical problem requiring a specialized diagnostic workup. It is a pragmatic, clinical definition used to categorize patients who require advanced diagnostic testing and therapeutic strategies beyond standard IVF protocols. RIF highlights the complex biological synergy required for successful human reproduction.

What is the Mechanism of Recurrent Implantation Failure?

The failure mechanism is understood to be multi-factorial, but two primary pathways are the most common culprits: the transfer of chromosomally abnormal (aneuploid) embryos and inadequate endometrial receptivity. Even morphologically excellent embryos may be genetically non-viable, preventing successful development. Additionally, underlying hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation of the uterine lining (endometritis), or immune dysregulation can compromise the endometrium's ability to successfully host the implanting embryo, leading to repeated failure.

Recurrent Implantation Failure ∞ Area

Recurrent Implantation Failure

Meaning

Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) is a clinical diagnosis in reproductive medicine defined by the repeated inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after the transfer of multiple embryos during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. The common clinical threshold is typically three or more failed embryo transfers using good-quality embryos. RIF represents a significant clinical challenge that necessitates a comprehensive investigation into underlying contributing factors, including embryonic, endometrial, and systemic hormonal or immunological issues.