Question 1

What is the Meaning of Rad54?

Accepted Answer

Rad54 is a highly conserved protein belonging to the SWI2/SNF2 family of DNA translocases, playing a central and essential role in the homologous recombination pathway for DNA double-strand break repair. This protein functions as a motor, utilizing the energy from ATP hydrolysis to remodel chromatin structure and physically move along the DNA molecule. Its activity is critical for maintaining genomic stability, a foundational requirement for sustained cellular function and the prevention of age-related endocrine decline.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Rad54?

Accepted Answer

The term is derived from the "Radiation Sensitivity" (Rad) gene family, first identified in yeast mutants that exhibited extreme sensitivity to ionizing radiation, which causes double-strand breaks in DNA. Subsequent research confirmed the homologous human gene, underscoring its conserved importance in DNA repair across species. This discovery illuminated a key molecular pathway for preserving genetic integrity.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Rad54?

Accepted Answer

Rad54’s mechanism involves several distinct functions, including the critical step of strand invasion, where it promotes the search for and pairing of the broken DNA strand with the homologous template. It acts as a chromatin remodeler, clearing nucleosomes to allow the repair machinery access to the damaged site. This motor function facilitates the movement of the DNA strands, ensuring the successful and accurate completion of the high-fidelity homologous recombination process.

Rad54

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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