The complex neuroendocrine and biochemical communication pathways that regulate the architecture, depth, and restorative capacity of sleep, extending beyond simple duration to encompass the efficacy of the sleep state. This signaling involves the precise, reciprocal relationship between hormones like melatonin, cortisol, and growth hormone, and neurotransmitters that govern the transitions between sleep stages. Optimizing this signaling is key to leveraging sleep for systemic repair and cognitive function.
Origin
This term synthesizes concepts from chronobiology, endocrinology, and sleep medicine, shifting the focus from the quantity of sleep to the “quality” of the underlying physiological “signaling.” It recognizes sleep as an active, regulated process essential for biological maintenance.
Mechanism
Melatonin, secreted by the pineal gland, initiates the sleep process by signaling darkness and regulating the circadian rhythm, while the HPA axis governs the cortisol nadir necessary for deep sleep entry. During the deep sleep phases, the pulsatile release of growth hormone is a critical signaling event for cellular repair and anabolism. Disruption of this intricate hormonal dialogue, often by light exposure or chronic stress, compromises the restorative processes, leading to impaired metabolic and cognitive function.
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