The physiological process of selectively increasing muscle protein synthesis and overall fat-free mass while minimizing the concurrent gain of adipose tissue. This accretion is a key objective in hormonal health and longevity, as lean mass is a major determinant of metabolic rate, insulin sensitivity, and physical function. Achieving this requires a precise balance of anabolic signaling and nutritional input.
Origin
This term is a specialized phrasing used in clinical nutrition and exercise endocrinology, distinguishing beneficial muscle growth from simple weight gain. “Accretion” emphasizes the gradual, sustained accumulation of high-quality tissue.
Mechanism
Quality lean mass accretion is primarily mediated by the synergistic action of anabolic hormones, including testosterone, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which signal through the mTOR pathway to stimulate translation and protein synthesis within muscle fibers. This process requires a positive nitrogen balance, ensured by adequate protein and essential amino acid intake, coupled with mechanical tension from resistance exercise to provide the necessary cellular stimulus.
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