Question 1

What is the Meaning of PSA Response?

Accepted Answer

PSA Response refers to the quantitative change in the serum level of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) following the initiation of treatment for prostate cancer. PSA is a protein produced by prostate cells, and its concentration in the blood is a key biomarker used to monitor disease activity and evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. A significant decline in PSA levels, typically defined by specific clinical criteria, indicates a positive PSA response, suggesting the treatment is successfully inhibiting tumor growth. Conversely, a rising PSA level often signals disease progression or the development of therapeutic resistance, prompting a change in clinical management.

Question 2

What is the Origin of PSA Response?

Accepted Answer

The term is a clinical and oncological metric that became central to prostate cancer management after the discovery and clinical adoption of the PSA test in the late 20th century. The initial use of PSA was for screening, but its dynamic changes under hormonal therapy proved invaluable for monitoring treatment outcomes. The concept of "response" is borrowed from general oncology, but the specific application to PSA levels in prostate cancer is unique and universally accepted in the field. This biomarker provides an accessible, quantifiable surrogate endpoint for assessing the impact of systemic hormonal and cytotoxic therapies.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of PSA Response?

Accepted Answer

PSA is a protein whose expression is directly regulated by the Androgen Receptor (AR) transcriptional program in prostate epithelial cells. The mechanism of a PSA response, particularly to hormonal therapy, is the direct suppression of AR signaling within the cancer cells. Effective androgen deprivation or AR blockade reduces the AR's activity, leading to decreased transcription of the PSA gene and a subsequent drop in circulating PSA protein levels. Therefore, the magnitude of the PSA decline is a molecular reflection of the extent to which the treatment has successfully inhibited the androgen-driven proliferation and secretory activity of the tumor.

PSA Response

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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