What is the Origin of Prostate Cancer Surveillance?

This clinical practice emerged from extensive epidemiological and oncological data that demonstrated a significant proportion of prostate cancers are indolent and slow-growing, posing a minimal threat to life expectancy. It represents a paradigm shift in oncology towards a risk-stratified, less-is-more approach for low-risk disease. The term emphasizes active, ongoing monitoring.

What is the Mechanism of Prostate Cancer Surveillance?

The surveillance protocol typically involves regular monitoring of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) blood levels, periodic digital rectal exams (DRE), and scheduled repeat prostate biopsies or advanced imaging like multi-parametric MRI. These tests serve as the checkpoints to track the cancer's Grade Group and volume. Progression beyond pre-defined thresholds necessitates a discussion to transition from surveillance to curative intervention.

Prostate Cancer Surveillance ∞ Area

Prostate Cancer Surveillance

Meaning

Prostate Cancer Surveillance, specifically Active Surveillance, is a rigorous clinical management strategy for men diagnosed with localized, low-risk prostate cancer. Rather than proceeding immediately to aggressive treatments like surgery or radiation, this approach involves close, scheduled monitoring of the disease. The goal is to defer or completely avoid the potential side effects of treatment, such as incontinence and erectile dysfunction, while ensuring that definitive treatment is initiated if the cancer shows signs of progression.