What is the Origin of Prostaglandin D2?

The term Prostaglandin D2 is part of the standardized nomenclature for prostaglandins, a group of compounds originally isolated from the prostate gland, hence the prefix 'prosta-'. The 'D' designates its specific chemical structure, and the '2' indicates the presence of two double bonds in its side chain. Its discovery highlighted the importance of lipid-derived signaling molecules in systemic physiology.

What is the Mechanism of Prostaglandin D2?

PGD2 is synthesized from Prostaglandin H2 by the enzyme Prostaglandin D Synthase. Once produced, it acts by binding to specific G-protein coupled receptors on target cells, most notably the DP1 and DP2 receptors. In the context of hair biology, PGD2 and its metabolite, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2, bind to receptors on the hair follicle, initiating a signaling cascade that suppresses the transition from the telogen phase to the anagen phase, thereby inhibiting hair shaft elongation and contributing to androgenetic alopecia.

Prostaglandin D2

Meaning

Prostaglandin D2, or PGD2, is a lipid mediator derived from arachidonic acid, classified as an eicosanoid, which functions as a potent signaling molecule in numerous physiological processes. It is a major product of mast cells and is primarily known for its role in promoting sleep, modulating allergic responses, and influencing vascular permeability. Within the domain of hormonal health and wellness, PGD2 has garnered significant attention for its association with hair follicle cycle regulation, specifically acting as an inhibitor of hair growth.