What is the Origin of Premenstrual Disorders?

The recognition of a recurring, cyclical syndrome tied to the premenstrual phase dates back to early 20th-century clinical observations, with the initial proposed cause being an imbalance of ovarian hormones. Modern understanding points to an abnormal central nervous system sensitivity to the normal, fluctuating levels of progesterone and estrogen.

What is the Mechanism of Premenstrual Disorders?

The pathophysiology is theorized to involve an exaggerated neuroendocrine response to the changes in progesterone and its neuroactive metabolite, allopregnanolone, following ovulation. This abnormal sensitivity impacts central neurotransmitter systems, particularly serotonin and GABA pathways, leading to the characteristic mood lability, anxiety, and depressive symptoms that define the disorder.

Premenstrual Disorders ∞ Area

Premenstrual Disorders

Meaning

Premenstrual Disorders encompass a spectrum of cyclical emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms that reliably occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve shortly after the onset of menses. This category includes the milder Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and the more severe, debilitating Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), both of which significantly impair an individual’s functioning.