What is the Origin of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency?

The term was historically known as 'premature menopause,' but the name was updated to 'Premature Ovarian Insufficiency' (POI) to reflect that ovarian function can sometimes be intermittent, distinguishing it from definitive menopause. The condition's recognition as a distinct endocrine entity solidified in the late 20th century. POI underscores the importance of ovarian health for systemic well-being.

What is the Mechanism of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency?

The underlying mechanism involves the accelerated depletion or dysfunction of the ovarian follicular reserve, leading to insufficient production of estrogen and inhibin. The resultant low circulating estrogen fails to inhibit the pituitary, causing a compensatory rise in FSH and LH release, a hallmark of primary hypogonadism. This endocrine cascade leads to anovulation, amenorrhea, and the systemic consequences of estrogen deficiency on bone density and vascular health.

Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Meaning

A clinical syndrome defined by the cessation of ovarian function, resulting in amenorrhea and hypoestrogenism, occurring before the age of 40. This condition is characterized by elevated gonadotropin levels (FSH and LH) due to a lack of negative feedback from ovarian hormones, signifying a primary ovarian failure. It carries significant health implications, including increased risks for osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease, necessitating timely diagnosis and hormone replacement.