What is the Origin of Plyometric Training?

The term, derived from the Greek words 'plio' (more) and 'metric' (measure), was popularized in the 1970s, largely based on the training methodologies developed by Eastern European sports scientists. The core concept is rooted in the physiological phenomenon of the stretch reflex, utilizing the nervous system to augment muscular output. It has since become a standard component of high-performance and athletic conditioning.

What is the Mechanism of Plyometric Training?

The mechanism relies on the stretch-shortening cycle, which utilizes two primary physiological phenomena. First, the rapid eccentric phase pre-loads the musculotendinous unit, storing kinetic energy. Second, this stretch activates the muscle spindles, triggering the myotatic reflex, which increases motor neuron excitation and results in a more forceful subsequent concentric contraction. This neurological potentiation is key to the gains in power and speed.

Plyometric Training ∞ Area

Plyometric Training

Meaning

Plyometric training is an advanced form of exercise characterized by movements that involve a rapid eccentric (muscle lengthening) contraction immediately followed by an explosive concentric (muscle shortening) contraction. This stretch-shortening cycle aims to enhance the power and explosiveness of muscle action by leveraging the elastic energy stored in the muscle and tendon. It is a highly effective method for improving neuromuscular efficiency and rate of force development.