Question 1

What is the Meaning of Phytosterols?

Accepted Answer

Phytosterols are a class of plant-derived sterols that are structurally similar to cholesterol in humans and are naturally present in foods like vegetable oils, nuts, and grains. These compounds play a critical role in plant membrane structure but, when consumed by humans, exert various metabolic effects. They are clinically recognized for their ability to influence lipid metabolism and may also interact with hormonal pathways.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Phytosterols?

Accepted Answer

The term combines the Greek root "phyto-," meaning plant, with "sterol," denoting a type of steroid alcohol. Phytosterols have been recognized as components of the human diet for centuries, but their specific metabolic effects became a focus of nutritional and cardiovascular research in the late 20th century. Their role as cholesterol-lowering agents established their clinical relevance as a dietary supplement.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Phytosterols?

Accepted Answer

The primary mechanism of action involves competitive inhibition of cholesterol absorption in the intestine. Due to their structural similarity, phytosterols displace cholesterol from mixed micelles in the gut lumen, thereby reducing the amount of dietary and biliary cholesterol that is absorbed into the bloodstream. Beyond lipid effects, certain phytosterols may act as selective modulators of steroid hormone receptors or interfere with the local synthesis and metabolism of sex hormones, thus potentially influencing estrogen-dependent tissue growth.

Phytosterols

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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