What is the Origin of Physiological Stressor?

The term is a core concept in endocrinology and stress physiology, stemming from Hans Selye's foundational work on the General Adaptation Syndrome. It is a precise biological descriptor for an agent that necessitates a systemic physiological adjustment. The recognition of various forms of stressors is crucial for a holistic understanding of hormonal dysregulation.

What is the Mechanism of Physiological Stressor?

The stressor is detected by sensory organs or internal receptors, initiating a rapid response primarily mediated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system. This activation leads to the immediate release of catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which mobilize energy reserves, increase heart rate, and suppress non-essential functions like digestion and immune response. This adaptive mechanism is designed for acute survival but becomes detrimental when chronically activated.

Physiological Stressor ∞ Area

Physiological Stressor

Meaning

A Physiological Stressor is any internal or external stimulus that disrupts the body’s homeostatic balance, triggering an adaptive response through the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous systems. These stressors can be metabolic (e.g., hypoglycemia), thermal (e.g., extreme cold), physical (e.g., intense exercise), or psychological, all converging on the common pathway of the stress response. The cumulative burden of these inputs is quantified as the allostatic load.