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Physiological Sleep Regulation

Meaning

Physiological Sleep Regulation describes the complex, integrated biological processes, primarily governed by the interaction of the circadian rhythm and the homeostatic drive, that control the timing, duration, and architecture of sleep. This regulatory system ensures that sleep occurs at the appropriate time of the 24-hour cycle and lasts long enough to fulfill the body’s restorative needs. Key components include the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) acting as the clock, the accumulation of sleep-promoting substances like adenosine driving the need, and the rhythmic secretion of hormones like melatonin and cortisol. Optimal regulation is vital for maintaining metabolic, hormonal, and cognitive health.