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Physiological Signal Amplification

Meaning

Physiological signal amplification is the biological process by which a small concentration of a signaling molecule, such as a hormone or neurotransmitter, elicits a dramatically larger and more widespread response within the target cell or tissue. This mechanism is crucial for the efficiency and rapid coordination of the endocrine and nervous systems, allowing minute quantities of chemical messengers to exert powerful systemic effects. Maintaining the integrity of this amplification cascade is essential for tissue responsiveness and overall homeostatic control. Disruption can lead to signaling resistance, a hallmark of many chronic conditions.