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Physiological Adaptation Stages

Meaning

Physiological Adaptation Stages represent the sequential, predictable phases that the human body undergoes in response to a sustained and significant physical or metabolic stressor, such as a new exercise regimen or a major dietary shift. These stages—typically characterized as alarm, resistance, and exhaustion/supercompensation—are primarily governed by the body’s endocrine response, particularly the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Understanding these phases is crucial for maximizing training benefits and preventing the detrimental effects of chronic overtraining syndrome.