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Physical Activity Hormones

Meaning

Physical activity hormones, often referred to as myokines, adipokines, and neurohormones, are a collective group of signaling molecules secreted by muscle, adipose tissue, and the central nervous system in direct response to acute or chronic exercise. These hormones mediate the profound systemic adaptations to physical activity, influencing metabolic health, inflammation, bone density, and mood. Key examples include irisin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and alterations in the pulsatile secretion of growth hormone. Their coordinated action represents a powerful, endogenous mechanism for maintaining and restoring hormonal homeostasis.