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Physical Activity Biomarkers

Meaning

Physical Activity Biomarkers are quantifiable, objective biological indicators, including specific molecules, cells, or physiological characteristics, that accurately reflect the type, intensity, and duration of an individual’s physical activity and its subsequent, measurable physiological effects. Examples include changes in mitochondrial enzyme activity, circulating myokines, or specific, reproducible patterns of heart rate variability. These biomarkers provide a high-resolution, internal measure of the body’s precise adaptive response to an exercise stimulus.