Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an abundant, naturally occurring phospholipid that is a critical structural component of all cell membranes, particularly concentrated in the inner leaflet of neuronal cell membranes in the brain. Functionally, it is essential for maintaining cell membrane fluidity, supporting intercellular communication, and facilitating the process of apoptosis. In the context of hormonal health, it is clinically recognized for its role in modulating the body’s neuroendocrine response to stress, especially concerning the regulation of cortisol.
Origin
Phosphatidylserine is a biochemical term, combining phosphatidyl (referring to the phosphate-containing lipid structure) with serine (the amino acid attached to the phosphate group). Its structural importance was identified in early lipid biochemistry, but its clinical significance for brain health and stress response emerged in the late 20th century with research demonstrating its ability to influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Most modern supplements are derived from plant sources like soy or sunflower lecithin.
Mechanism
The primary mechanism for its hormonal action involves the modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the body’s central stress response system. Phosphatidylserine is thought to blunt the excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary in response to a stressor, which consequently reduces the downstream release of the stress hormone cortisol from the adrenal glands. By mitigating the magnitude of the cortisol spike, PS helps maintain a healthier hormonal balance and supports a more rapid recovery from physiological or psychological stress.
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