What is the Origin of Phase II Biotransformation?

This term is derived directly from toxicology and biochemistry, defining the synthetic reactions that prepare lipophilic substances, including steroid metabolites, for elimination from the organism. It is a core function of liver physiology required for clearing active compounds.

What is the Mechanism of Phase II Biotransformation?

Phase II reactions, such as glucuronidation, sulfation, or methylation, utilize specific transferase enzymes to create highly polar conjugates that are readily excreted from the body via urine or bile. Efficient Phase II activity is critical for clearing excess estrogens and other steroid hormones to maintain proper endocrine balance.

Phase II Biotransformation ∞ Area

Phase II Biotransformation

Meaning

The second stage of hepatic detoxification where the body conjugates (attaches) endogenous or exogenous compounds, often resulting from Phase I oxidation, with endogenous molecules to increase their water solubility for efficient renal or biliary excretion.