Peristalsis is the involuntary, coordinated, and rhythmic wave-like contractions of the smooth muscle that lines the walls of the hollow tubular organs, most prominently the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. This continuous muscular action is the essential physiological mechanism responsible for the efficient, unidirectional propulsion of ingested food and waste products through the entire digestive tract. Efficient peristalsis is a non-negotiable component of High-Performance Digestion and prevents luminal stasis and subsequent microbial dysbiosis.
Origin
The term is purely anatomical and physiological, derived from the Greek peristellein, meaning “to wrap around” or “to compress,” a concept fundamental to the study of gastrointestinal motility and function.
Mechanism
Peristaltic waves are governed by the intrinsic enteric nervous system, often called the “second brain,” which is itself modulated by the autonomic nervous system and various circulating gut hormones, such as motilin. Optimal hormonal and neurotransmitter balance ensures the appropriate frequency and amplitude of these contractions, facilitating timely transit of the bolus and chyme. This efficient movement minimizes bacterial overgrowth and prevents the reabsorption of toxins that could otherwise place a significant burden on the liver and the systemic endocrine system.
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