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PER3 Gene Polymorphism

Meaning

The PER3 Gene Polymorphism refers to a common variation in the human Period 3 (PER3) gene, specifically a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) region that influences an individual’s chronotype, homeostatic sleep regulation, and vulnerability to the effects of sleep deprivation. The two most studied variants are the PER34/4 allele, associated with the Lark chronotype and greater vulnerability to sleep loss, and the PER35/5 allele, often linked to the Owl chronotype and a higher intrinsic sleep need. This genetic variation is a powerful biomarker for predicting an individual’s sleep architecture and their required recovery time following sleep restriction. It is a critical component in the neurogenetics of sleep.