Specific sequences of amino acids, known as peptides, that act as signaling molecules to direct cellular behavior, often influencing endocrine function, tissue repair, or metabolic partitioning. These sets deliver highly specific instructions to target cells, overriding or complementing endogenous hormonal signals. They represent a precise method of modulating biological processes at the molecular level.
Origin
This term originates from biochemistry and molecular biology, where peptides are recognized as crucial communicators within and between physiological systems. The “instruction set” framing emphasizes their coded, specific action upon cellular machinery.
Mechanism
The mechanism involves the peptide binding to a specific cell surface receptor, initiating a downstream cascade that alters gene transcription or enzyme activity in a highly localized manner. For example, certain growth hormone-releasing peptides stimulate the pituitary to increase pulsatile release of growth hormone. This targeted action allows for fine-tuning of endocrine responses without broad systemic hormonal shifts.
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