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P-Glycoprotein

Meaning

P-Glycoprotein, often abbreviated as P-gp or MDR1 (Multidrug Resistance Protein 1), is an ATP-dependent efflux pump belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, widely expressed in barrier tissues such as the intestinal epithelium, the blood-brain barrier, and the renal tubules. Its primary function is to actively extrude a broad spectrum of lipophilic, structurally diverse substrates, including toxins, metabolites, and many therapeutic drugs, out of the cell. P-gp acts as a critical biological defense mechanism, protecting the central nervous system and reducing the systemic absorption of xenobiotics. Its activity significantly influences the pharmacokinetics of numerous hormonal medications and supplements.