Ozempic

Origin

Semaglutide was developed by the Danish pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk, stemming from decades of research into the incretin system and the physiological role of GLP-1 in glucose homeostasis. The drug was first approved for medical use in 2017, representing a major advancement in the therapeutic class of incretin mimetics. Its development provided a highly effective, long-acting option for managing the metabolic dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Mechanism

The mechanism of action involves the direct and selective activation of the GLP-1 receptors located on pancreatic beta cells, stimulating the release of insulin only when blood glucose levels are elevated, thereby minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, it delays gastric emptying, which contributes to a feeling of satiety, and reduces glucagon secretion from the pancreas. This multi-target endocrine modulation results in improved metabolic parameters and a powerful reduction in body mass.