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Osmoreceptors

Meaning

Osmoreceptors are specialized sensory neurons primarily located in the hypothalamus that detect minute changes in the osmotic pressure of the blood plasma. These cells function as the body’s primary defense against dehydration and overhydration, playing a critical role in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance. In the endocrine system, osmoreceptors are the essential sensors that initiate the hormonal response necessary for water homeostasis. Their precise function is non-negotiable for preserving cellular volume and preventing severe neurological or renal complications.