What is the Origin of Oral Micronized Progesterone Therapy?

The development of micronized progesterone originated from pharmaceutical chemistry, specifically to overcome the poor oral bioavailability of natural, non-micronized progesterone due to extensive first-pass liver metabolism. The micronization process, which reduces particle size, significantly improved absorption and systemic levels. Its clinical acceptance grew following studies demonstrating its efficacy and favorable safety profile compared to synthetic progestins.

What is the Mechanism of Oral Micronized Progesterone Therapy?

Upon oral ingestion, the micronized progesterone is absorbed and metabolized, resulting in both progesterone and its neurosteroid metabolites, such as allopregnanolone. The primary mechanism is the binding of progesterone to its nuclear receptors in target tissues, including the endometrium, brain, and breast. The neurosteroid metabolites contribute to its anxiolytic and sleep-promoting effects, offering benefits beyond endometrial protection.

Oral Micronized Progesterone Therapy ∞ Area

Oral Micronized Progesterone Therapy

Meaning

Oral Micronized Progesterone Therapy is a form of hormone replacement that involves the ingestion of progesterone identical in molecular structure to the hormone naturally produced by the human body, which has been processed into very fine particles to enhance absorption. This specific delivery method is commonly utilized in women for menopausal hormone therapy, often in combination with estrogen, to protect the uterine lining and address symptoms of progesterone deficiency. It is a preferred clinical option due to its natural structure.