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Optimized Synaptic Plasticity

Meaning

Optimized synaptic plasticity is the state of maximal functional and structural malleability of the connections between neurons, enabling rapid and efficient learning, memory formation, and adaptive behavioral change. This is the neurobiological substrate of cognitive flexibility and resilience, representing the ideal balance between the processes of Long-Term Potentiation (LTP), which strengthens synapses, and Long-Term Depression (LTD), which prunes unnecessary connections. Hormonal factors, particularly neurosteroids and thyroid hormones, are critical modulators that ensure this plasticity remains robust and responsive throughout the lifespan. Clinical interventions often target this optimization to support cognitive health and emotional regulation.