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Nutrient-Sensing Neurons

Meaning

Nutrient-sensing neurons are specialized nerve cells, primarily located in the hypothalamus and brainstem, that possess the intrinsic ability to directly monitor and respond to changes in circulating levels of key metabolites, such as glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. These neurons are critical integrators of energy status, translating peripheral nutrient availability into central commands that regulate appetite, energy expenditure, and systemic hormonal release. Their function is paramount for maintaining metabolic homeostasis.