The physiological process encompassing the efficient absorption, systemic transport, and ultimate cellular uptake of essential macro- and micronutrients required for optimal metabolic function and cellular integrity. In the context of wellness, this refers not just to dietary intake but to the bioavailability and successful translocation of necessary substrates across biological barriers to the sites of cellular utilization. Impaired delivery can lead to functional deficiencies even with adequate intake.
Origin
This fundamental term originates from human physiology and nutritional science, describing the essential logistical operation that sustains all biological life. In clinical longevity, the focus has shifted from the general concept to the optimization of the delivery mechanisms, acknowledging that aging and pathology can compromise absorption and transport. The term is critical for understanding the efficacy of all oral and injectable therapeutic agents.
Mechanism
The process begins with digestive health, where optimal enzyme and acid production are necessary for nutrient breakdown and absorption across the intestinal epithelium. Nutrients are then transported via the circulatory system, often bound to specific carrier proteins, to target tissues. At the cellular level, the mechanism involves specific membrane transporters and receptor-mediated endocytosis to move nutrients across the cell membrane and into the mitochondria or cytoplasm for energy production and structural repair.
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