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Nuclear Hormone Receptors

Meaning

Nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) are a superfamily of intracellular transcription factors that, upon binding to their cognate lipophilic ligands—such as steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, and vitamin D—directly regulate gene expression in the nucleus. These receptors function as ligand-activated molecular switches that control a wide array of physiological processes, including development, metabolism, and reproduction. Clinically, NHRs are critical drug targets, as their modulation can influence numerous hormonal and metabolic pathways. Their activity is fundamental to the mechanism of action for all steroid hormones.