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Nociceptor Sensitization

Meaning

Nociceptor sensitization is a neurophysiological phenomenon characterized by an increased responsiveness of nociceptors, the sensory neurons that detect potentially damaging stimuli. This clinical process leads to a lower threshold for pain perception and an exaggerated response to painful stimuli, often manifesting as hyperalgesia or allodynia. Hormonal fluctuations and chronic inflammatory states can significantly modulate this sensitivity, shifting the balance toward a chronic pain state. It represents a fundamental neuroplastic change in the peripheral nervous system.