What is the Origin of NF-κB Inflammation?

The term is derived from the name of the protein complex, NF-κB, which was first identified in B-cells. The connection to Inflammation stems from its universal role as a key molecular switch controlling the immune and inflammatory response across all cell types. Its discovery provided a crucial target for anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical research.

What is the Mechanism of NF-κB Inflammation?

NF-κB is typically held inactive in the cytoplasm by an inhibitor protein, IκB. Various stimuli, such as infection, oxidative stress, or inflammatory cytokines, trigger the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB. Once freed, the active NF-κB dimer translocates into the nucleus, binds to specific DNA promoter regions, and drives the expression of genes that perpetuate the inflammatory response.

NF-κB Inflammation ∞ Area

NF-κB Inflammation

Meaning

The inflammatory state or cascade mediated by the Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) transcription factor complex. NF-κB is a master regulator that, upon activation, translocates to the nucleus to initiate the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes, including cytokines and chemokines. Chronic, inappropriate NF-κB activation is a central mechanism in persistent, low-grade systemic inflammation linked to metabolic and age-related diseases.