What is the Origin of Neurosteroid Deficit?

The term emerged with the discovery of neurosteroids as a distinct class of signaling molecules that act rapidly on neurotransmitter receptors, separate from the genomic actions of circulating hormones. The deficit is clinically significant because neurosteroid levels can decline independently of peripheral gonadal or adrenal function, often due to chronic stress or age-related enzyme dysregulation within the brain.

What is the Mechanism of Neurosteroid Deficit?

Neurosteroids primarily function as allosteric modulators of neurotransmitter receptors, notably enhancing the inhibitory action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, thereby promoting calmness and reducing neuronal hyperactivity. A deficit impairs this modulatory capacity, leading to decreased inhibitory tone and increased susceptibility to excitotoxicity and stress-induced cognitive impairment. Restoring levels can stabilize neural circuitry.

Neurosteroid Deficit ∞ Area

Neurosteroid Deficit

Meaning

A Neurosteroid Deficit is a clinical state characterized by insufficient levels of neurosteroids, which are steroid molecules synthesized de novo within the central and peripheral nervous systems from cholesterol or peripheral steroid precursors. These local hormones, such as allopregnanolone and DHEA, are crucial modulators of neuronal excitability, mood, memory, and stress response. This deficit is associated with impaired cognitive function, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.