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Neurosteroid

Meaning

A neurosteroid is a class of steroid molecules synthesized de novo within the central and peripheral nervous systems from cholesterol or steroidal precursors, independent of peripheral endocrine glands. These locally produced steroids act rapidly to modulate neuronal excitability, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic plasticity, often through non-genomic mechanisms. Unlike classical hormones, they primarily function as paracrine or autocrine regulators within the brain, profoundly influencing mood, anxiety, memory, and stress response. Their distinct site of synthesis and mechanism of action makes them critical players in neuroendocrine regulation and mental well-being.