A category of endogenous molecules, exogenous compounds, and environmental stimuli that promote the proliferation, migration, and survival of neural stem cells and their subsequent differentiation into mature neurons. These factors include specific growth factors, certain hormones, targeted nutrients, and physical activity, all of which are essential for maintaining brain plasticity and cognitive function throughout life. Clinically, identifying and supplementing these factors is a key strategy for neurological health.
Origin
This concept is derived from molecular neuroscience, classifying the diverse chemical and physiological signals that govern the complex process of neurogenesis. The term ‘Support Factors’ groups these disparate influences under a functional umbrella, highlighting their crucial role in maintaining the brain’s regenerative capacity.
Mechanism
The mechanism involves these factors binding to specific cell surface receptors on neural precursor cells, activating intracellular signaling cascades that modulate gene expression related to cell cycle progression and differentiation. For instance, BDNF acts via the TrkB receptor, while various hormones modulate transcription factors that enhance the survival of new neurons. Adequate support ensures the newly formed cells successfully integrate into existing neural networks.
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