What is the Origin of Neurogenesis and Plasticity?

Neurogenesis was once controversially thought to cease in adulthood, but modern neuroscience has definitively proven its persistence, fundamentally changing the understanding of brain health and repair. Plasticity is a foundational concept in neuroscience, recognizing the brain's malleability in response to experience and environment.

What is the Mechanism of Neurogenesis and Plasticity?

Both processes are profoundly influenced by neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, which act as signaling molecules to promote the survival, growth, and differentiation of neurons and synapses. Hormonal balance plays a critical regulatory role, with sex steroids like estrogen and testosterone demonstrating potent neurogenic and synaptogenic effects, particularly in memory centers. Physical activity and cognitive enrichment are powerful external stimuli that mechanically trigger the biochemical cascades necessary to enhance neurogenesis and maintain high levels of synaptic plasticity.

Neurogenesis and Plasticity ∞ Area

Neurogenesis and Plasticity

Meaning

Neurogenesis and Plasticity collectively describe the brain’s remarkable capacity for lifelong structural and functional adaptation, which is fundamental to learning, memory, and cognitive resilience. Neurogenesis is the process of generating new functional neurons from neural stem cells, primarily in the hippocampus, while plasticity refers to the ability of existing neural circuits to reorganize themselves by forming new synaptic connections. This dynamic duo is crucial for maintaining a youthful, adaptable nervous system.