The collective biological processes responsible for the synthesis, folding, trafficking, and most critically, the efficient clearance of proteins within the central nervous system that are prone to aggregation and neurotoxicity. Effective management of these proteins, such as amyloid-beta and tau, is essential for preventing their pathological accumulation, which is a hallmark of age-related cognitive decline. This function is tightly regulated by the sleep-wake cycle and is a primary focus for brain longevity.
Origin
This is a clinical and scientific term combining ‘Neurodegenerative,’ relating to the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, with ‘Protein Management,’ the cellular mechanisms controlling protein quality and quantity. It reflects the modern understanding of proteinopathy as a core driver of cognitive aging.
Mechanism
The clearance mechanism is predominantly mediated by the glymphatic system, which operates most efficiently during deep sleep, flushing interstitial fluid and waste products from the brain. Additionally, cellular mechanisms like autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system actively degrade misfolded proteins within neurons. Hormonal factors, such as optimal thyroid function and insulin signaling, also play a supportive role in maintaining the health of these clearance pathways.
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