Neuro-Protective Agents are a class of compounds, including endogenous hormones, nutrients, and pharmacological substances, that actively defend neurons and other central nervous system cells against injury, degeneration, and oxidative stress. Clinically, these agents are utilized to maintain cognitive function, support synaptic integrity, and mitigate the progression of age-related neurodegeneration. Their use is a key strategy in promoting long-term brain health and resilience.
Origin
The term arose within the field of neuroscience and neuropharmacology as researchers sought compounds capable of interrupting the pathological cascades that lead to neuronal death in conditions like stroke, trauma, and chronic degenerative diseases.
Mechanism
These agents exert their protective effects through several mechanisms, including the reduction of excitotoxicity by modulating neurotransmitter receptors, the suppression of neuroinflammation by inhibiting glial cell activation, and the enhancement of antioxidant defenses to neutralize reactive oxygen species. Certain neurosteroids also act directly on neuronal membranes to stabilize function and promote structural integrity.
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