The deliberate application of interventions designed to maximize the resilience and functional integrity of the central and peripheral nervous systems against insults. This practice focuses on maintaining neuronal viability, synaptic plasticity, and preventing excitotoxicity or oxidative stress within neural tissues. Optimization implies moving beyond baseline function toward enhanced cognitive and structural longevity.
Origin
This concept merges principles from neuroscience, pharmacology, and the study of neurotrophic factors influencing neuronal survival. The term gained traction as research illuminated the intricate interplay between systemic hormonal balance and central nervous system health. It reflects a proactive strategy to buffer against age-related neurodegeneration.
Mechanism
Optimization pathways frequently involve enhancing cerebral blood flow, modulating inflammatory cytokines that impair neuronal signaling, or supporting the synthesis of critical neurotransmitters. Certain neurosteroids, for example, exert direct membrane stabilization effects, acting as endogenous neuroprotectants. Improving mitochondrial function within glial cells is another key target to support overall neural energy metabolism.
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