Neural Pathway Signaling describes the electrochemical communication occurring across synapses within the central and peripheral nervous systems, facilitating rapid information transfer throughout the body. This communication is intimately modulated by circulating hormones that alter neurotransmitter release, receptor sensitivity, and neuronal excitability. It represents the fundamental mechanism of rapid physiological response.
Origin
This term is rooted in neurophysiology, combining ‘neural pathway,’ the structural route of transmission, with ‘signaling,’ the process of communication. In hormonal health, it recognizes that endocrinology provides the long-term chemical context within which these rapid electrical signals operate. Hormones act as modulators of this fundamental signaling apparatus.
Mechanism
Signals propagate as action potentials leading to the release of chemical messengers, or neurotransmitters, into the synaptic cleft. Hormones can influence this process by upregulating or downregulating receptor numbers on the post-synaptic neuron or by altering the synthesis and storage of the neurotransmitters themselves. For instance, fluctuations in progesterone can directly affect GABAergic signaling, influencing systemic calm or excitability.
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