Question 1

What is the Meaning of Nephron?

Accepted Answer

The nephron is the fundamental, microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for the intricate processes of filtering blood, reabsorbing essential substances, and secreting waste products to form urine. Each human kidney contains approximately one million nephrons, and their collective, coordinated function is absolutely essential for maintaining the body's fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. The integrity of the nephron is critical for long-term hormonal and metabolic health.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Nephron?

Accepted Answer

The term nephron is derived directly from the ancient Greek word nephros, which simply means "kidney." The structural and functional complexity of the nephron was fully elucidated in the early 20th century through detailed anatomical and physiological studies, establishing it as the core unit of renal physiology. Understanding its function is key to grasping how endocrine signals like vasopressin and aldosterone exert their control over water and sodium homeostasis.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Nephron?

Accepted Answer

The nephron operates through a three-step mechanism: glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. Blood is first filtered in the glomerulus, creating a plasma-like filtrate. As this filtrate passes through the renal tubule, essential water, sodium, and glucose are selectively reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Hormones act primarily on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to fine-tune the final concentration of urine, ensuring precise regulation of systemic fluid volume.

Nephron

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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