A specific range of electromagnetic radiation, typically spanning from approximately 700 to 1400 nanometers, which is invisible to the human eye but possesses unique biological effects due to its deep tissue penetration capabilities. These wavelengths are utilized therapeutically in photobiomodulation (PBM) to non-invasively target cellular structures beneath the skin’s surface. Near infrared light is clinically applied to promote healing, reduce chronic inflammation, and enhance cellular energy production across various tissues.
Origin
The term originates from the field of physics and spectroscopy, classifying the non-ionizing part of the electromagnetic spectrum adjacent to visible red light. Its clinical application, photobiomodulation, developed from the discovery that specific light doses could non-destructively influence cellular activity. The therapeutic use of these wavelengths is gaining traction in hormonal wellness for its systemic, energy-boosting effects on endocrine glands and metabolism.
Mechanism
The primary biological mechanism involves the absorption of these photons by cytochrome c oxidase, a key photo-acceptor enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of cells. This absorption enhances mitochondrial respiration, leading to a significant increase in Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) production within the cell. The deeper penetration of near infrared wavelengths allows this crucial energy-boosting effect to reach tissues like muscle, nerve, and endocrine glands, thereby supporting systemic cellular function and repair.
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