What is the Origin of Natural Peptides?

The study of peptides is fundamental to biochemistry and endocrinology, dating back to the early 20th century with the discovery and isolation of key hormonal peptides. The term 'natural peptides' is used to specifically denote those produced endogenously, differentiating them from synthetic or pharmaceutical peptide analogs. Their etymology simply combines the structural component, 'peptide,' with the biological source, 'natural.'

What is the Mechanism of Natural Peptides?

Peptides exert their function by binding with high specificity to corresponding cell-surface receptors on target cells. This ligand-receptor interaction initiates an intracellular signaling cascade, ultimately altering gene expression, enzyme activity, or cellular behavior. The short half-life of many natural peptides allows for rapid, transient, and tightly controlled regulation of complex physiological systems, maintaining the body's internal equilibrium.

Natural Peptides

Meaning

Short chains of amino acids, typically comprising two to fifty residues, that are naturally synthesized within the human body and serve as crucial signaling molecules. These endogenous peptides function as hormones, neurotransmitters, or growth factors, regulating a vast array of physiological processes, including metabolism, immunity, and cellular repair. They are distinguished from larger proteins and play a precise, targeted role in intercellular communication and homeostatic maintenance. Examples include insulin, glucagon, and oxytocin, all essential for systemic regulation.