Therapeutic or programmatic efforts designed to promote the net increase in skeletal muscle mass, primarily through hypertrophy of existing muscle fibers rather than hyperplasia. This process requires a positive net protein balance achieved by maximizing anabolic signaling while minimizing proteolytic activity. It is a key objective in age-related physiological support.
Origin
“Muscle growth” directly refers to sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar accretion, while “stimulation” indicates an active prompting of this process. In endocrinology, this is inextricably linked to the action of anabolic hormones like testosterone and growth hormone.
Mechanism
Stimulation occurs through mechanical loading (resistance exercise) which triggers local signaling cascades that activate the Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased ribosomal protein synthesis. Concurrently, systemic anabolic hormones bind to their respective receptors, amplifying this signal and suppressing catabolic pathways like the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Adequate amino acid availability is required to sustain the elevated synthetic demands.
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