Mitochondrial Dysfunction Correction is the clinical strategy focused on repairing or replacing compromised mitochondria, the cellular organelles responsible for generating the majority of the cell’s energy currency, Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). Dysfunction in these organelles is a central feature of aging and chronic disease, leading to insufficient energy production and increased generation of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS). The correction aims to restore bioenergetic efficiency and cellular vitality.
Origin
This term is rooted in bioenergetics and gerontology, following the Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging, which posits that accumulated mitochondrial damage is a primary driver of senescence. Advances in molecular biology have highlighted the dynamic nature of mitochondria, including processes like fusion, fission, and mitophagy (selective self-removal), providing targets for therapeutic intervention. The concept emphasizes energy metabolism as a critical leverage point for healthspan.
Mechanism
Correction mechanisms often involve targeted nutritional and pharmacological interventions that enhance mitochondrial quality control processes, such as promoting mitophagy to clear damaged organelles and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis to create new, healthy ones. Key pathways include the activation of NAD+-dependent sirtuins and AMPK, which sense cellular energy status. By improving the efficiency of the electron transport chain and reducing oxidative stress, cellular ATP output is optimized, supporting all energy-intensive functions, including hormonal signaling.
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