Question 1

What is the Meaning of Microneedle Technology?

Accepted Answer

Microneedle technology is an innovative transdermal drug delivery system that utilizes precisely fabricated arrays of microscopic needles, typically ranging from 25 to 2000 micrometers in length, to create transient, microscopic pores in the outermost protective layer of the skin, the stratum corneum. This minimally invasive or entirely non-invasive approach effectively facilitates the painless and highly efficient delivery of various therapeutic agents, including peptide and steroid hormones, directly into the underlying dermal and epidermal layers of the skin. The technology is being actively explored as a patient-friendly, self-administered alternative to traditional subcutaneous injections for chronic hormonal therapies. It promises to offer precise drug dosing control and measurably improved patient adherence to treatment regimens.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Microneedle Technology?

Accepted Answer

The foundational concept of using very tiny needles for localized drug delivery dates back to earlier medical practices, but the modern iteration of solid, dissolving, or hollow microneedle arrays emerged significantly in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This development was made possible by major advancements in microfabrication techniques, specifically microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The term "microneedle" is purely descriptive, indicating the scale of the device required to physically bypass the skin's primary, rate-limiting barrier function for systemic absorption.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Microneedle Technology?

Accepted Answer

The core mechanism of action relies on the microneedles physically penetrating the stratum corneum, which is the skin's main barrier to transdermal absorption, critically without reaching the deeper, nerve-rich, and vascularized layers of the dermis. This precise action creates microscopic, temporary channels through which the active pharmaceutical ingredient can effectively diffuse into the systemic circulation or act locally within the tissue. Depending on the specific device design, the drug can be coated onto the needles, encapsulated within dissolving polymer needles, or delivered through hollow needles, ensuring a controlled and sustained release profile into the targeted tissue.

Microneedle Technology

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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