What is the Origin of Metformin PCOS?

The use of Metformin for PCOS is a prime example of drug repurposing, stemming from the late 1980s and 1990s when the strong association between PCOS and insulin resistance was firmly established. The drug itself originated from the French lilac, Galega officinalis, and was first synthesized in the 1920s. Its clinical adoption for PCOS was driven by endocrinological research demonstrating its efficacy in mitigating the hyperinsulinemia that fuels ovarian androgen production.

What is the Mechanism of Metformin PCOS?

Metformin's primary mechanism involves activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the liver, which subsequently suppresses hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral glucose uptake. Crucially for PCOS, by improving systemic insulin sensitivity, Metformin lowers the circulating hyperinsulinemia that otherwise acts synergistically with luteinizing hormone (LH) to promote excess androgen synthesis by the ovarian theca cells. This reduction in androgen levels can help restore ovulatory function, diminish hirsutism, and mitigate long-term metabolic risks.

Metformin PCOS ∞ Area

Metformin PCOS

Meaning

Metformin PCOS refers to the clinical application of the oral biguanide class medication Metformin for the management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, particularly in patients exhibiting insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. While primarily an anti-diabetic agent, its utility in PCOS stems from its ability to improve insulin sensitivity, which addresses a key underlying pathological driver of the syndrome. It is a common therapeutic strategy to restore menstrual regularity and improve fertility outcomes.