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Metabolic Substrate Flux

Meaning

Metabolic substrate flux describes the dynamic rate and precise direction of movement of energy-yielding molecules—such as glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids—through the various interconnected biochemical pathways within a cell or organ system. This critical, dynamic process is tightly regulated by key hormones like insulin, glucagon, and cortisol, which dictate whether the body is primarily storing energy or efficiently utilizing it for immediate functional needs. Dysregulation of substrate flux, such as an excessive reliance on glucose or impaired fatty acid oxidation, is a primary hallmark of metabolic diseases. Monitoring this flux is essential for accurately understanding and optimizing cellular energy dynamics.