The direct, functional relationship between systemic metabolic homeostasis, particularly glucose and insulin regulation, and the integrity and performance of the central nervous system. Optimal metabolic health, characterized by high insulin sensitivity and stable blood glucose, is essential for maintaining cerebral energy supply, supporting neuroplasticity, and preventing oxidative stress in the brain. Dysregulation, such as cerebral insulin resistance, is a major factor in cognitive decline.
Origin
This concept is a core tenet of modern neuroendocrinology, driven by the increasing clinical recognition of the link between metabolic syndrome and neurodegenerative diseases. The term emphasizes that the brain, despite its protected status, is highly susceptible to peripheral metabolic dysfunction. Research into the brain’s insulin receptors and glucose utilization pathways forms the scientific foundation for this clinical understanding.
Mechanism
The mechanism is mediated by insulin’s role as a neurotrophic factor in the brain, where it influences synaptic function, memory consolidation, and glucose uptake. Optimal metabolic health ensures that the brain receives a steady, regulated supply of glucose and that neuronal insulin signaling remains efficient. Conversely, insulin resistance leads to impaired glucose transport, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased amyloid-beta deposition. Interventions focus on improving peripheral insulin sensitivity to indirectly restore efficient cerebral energy dynamics and protect neuronal health.
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