Significant, pathological disturbances in the normal biochemical processes that sustain life, encompassing the body’s ability to properly utilize and store energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. These derangements often manifest as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and visceral adiposity, collectively forming the core components of metabolic syndrome. Addressing these underlying dysfunctions is paramount in clinical practice for mitigating the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease, Type 2 Diabetes, and numerous hormone-related conditions.
Origin
“Metabolic” stems from the Greek metabole, meaning “change.” “Derangement” comes from the Old French desrengier, meaning “to put out of rank or order.” The combined term accurately describes a state where the body’s fundamental biochemical order is disrupted and disorganized.
Mechanism
A central mechanism often involves a failure of cellular response to insulin, known as insulin resistance, which leads to compensatory hyperinsulinemia and persistent hyperglycemia. This cascade disrupts lipid metabolism, resulting in elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol, and promotes the accumulation of fat in ectopic sites like the liver. Hormonal factors, including elevated cortisol or altered adipokine profiles from dysfunctional adipose tissue, further contribute to the systemic failure of metabolic homeostasis and cellular communication.
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